Citadel of the Ho Dynasty in Vietnam

Facts and Data

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 2011
Size of heritage: 156 ha
- Buffer zone: 5,079 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 105,605°
Latitude: 20,078°

Summary

The 14th -century Ho Dynasty citadel, built according to the feng shui principles, testifies to the flowering of neo-Confucianism in late 14th century Viet Nam and its spread to other parts of east Asia. According to these principles it was sited in a landscape of great scenic beauty on an axis joining the Tuong Son and Don Son mountains in a plain between the Ma and Buoi rivers. The citadel buildings represent an outstanding example of a new style of south-east Asian imperial city.

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Introduction

The Citadel of the Ho Dynasty, located in Vietnam at coordinates N20 4 41 E105 36 17, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that holds immense historical and cultural significance. This majestic fortress, built during the 14th century, stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the Ho Dynasty and their contribution to Vietnam's rich heritage.

History

The Citadel of the Ho Dynasty was constructed between 1397 and 1401 under the reign of Ho Quy Ly, the founder of the Ho Dynasty. This remarkable fortress was built as the capital of Vietnam, known as Tay Do, during a time of political and social transformation. The Ho Dynasty aimed to establish a new centralized government and chose this strategic location in Thanh Hoa province to build their capital. The construction of the citadel was a monumental undertaking, employing thousands of workers and utilizing advanced architectural techniques of the time. The fortress was built using large stone blocks, without the use of mortar, creating a sturdy and durable structure. The citadel was designed to be a self-contained city, encompassing palaces, temples, administrative buildings, and residential areas.

Current State

Today, the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty stands as a remarkable testament to the architectural and engineering prowess of the Ho Dynasty. Despite the passage of centuries and the ravages of time, the citadel has managed to retain its grandeur and magnificence. The citadel covers an area of approximately 150 hectares and is surrounded by a massive stone wall, measuring 870 meters in length. The wall is punctuated by four main gates, each adorned with intricate carvings and inscriptions. The citadel's layout follows the principles of feng shui, with the majestic Don Son Mountain serving as a protective backdrop. Within the citadel, visitors can explore the remnants of the royal palaces, temples, and other structures that once thrived during the Ho Dynasty. The architectural style of the citadel reflects a harmonious blend of Vietnamese and Southeast Asian influences, with intricate carvings and decorative motifs adorning the buildings. The Citadel of the Ho Dynasty was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2011, acknowledging its outstanding universal value and its significance in Vietnam's history. The site has undergone extensive restoration and conservation efforts to preserve its authenticity and ensure its longevity for future generations. Visitors to the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty can immerse themselves in the rich history and cultural heritage of Vietnam. The site offers a glimpse into the grandeur of the Ho Dynasty and their vision for a prosperous and unified Vietnam. As a UNESCO World Heritage site, the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty stands as a symbol of national pride and a testament to the enduring legacy of the Ho Dynasty.