Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque in Mexico

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
Palenque (Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia - INAH)(spanish only)

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1987
Size of heritage: 1,772 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: -91,950°
Latitude: 17,483°

Summary

A prime example of a Mayan sanctuary of the classical period, Palenque was at its height between AD 500 and 700, when its influence extended throughout the basin of the Usumacinta River. The elegance and craftsmanship of the buildings, as well as the lightness of the sculpted reliefs with their Mayan mythological themes, attest to the creative genius of this civilization.

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Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque

The Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in the State of Chiapas, Mexico. Situated in the Municipality of Palenque, this archaeological site is renowned for its well-preserved Mayan ruins and lush natural surroundings. Spanning an area of approximately 1,772 hectares, the site offers a glimpse into the rich history and cultural heritage of the ancient Mayan civilization.

History

The history of Palenque dates back to the 7th century AD when it emerged as a prominent city-state within the Mayan civilization. It reached its peak during the reign of Pakal the Great, who ascended to the throne in 615 AD. Under his rule, Palenque experienced a period of remarkable architectural and artistic development.

The city was eventually abandoned and reclaimed by the jungle, remaining hidden for centuries until its rediscovery in the 18th century. The first detailed exploration and documentation of the site began in the 19th century, revealing the magnificence of the ancient city. Since then, ongoing archaeological efforts have unearthed numerous structures and artifacts, shedding light on the Mayan way of life and their advanced architectural techniques.

Current State

Today, the Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque stands as a testament to the ingenuity and sophistication of the Mayan civilization. The site is characterized by its impressive temples, palaces, and residential complexes, showcasing the architectural prowess of the ancient Mayans.

One of the most iconic structures within Palenque is the Temple of the Inscriptions, a pyramid-like structure that houses the tomb of Pakal the Great. The temple is adorned with intricate carvings and hieroglyphics, providing valuable insights into Mayan mythology and history.

Another notable feature is the Palace, a complex of interconnected buildings that served as the administrative and ceremonial center of the city. The Palace exhibits exquisite stucco reliefs and stone carvings, depicting scenes from Mayan daily life and religious rituals.

In addition to the architectural wonders, the national park surrounding Palenque is a haven for biodiversity. The lush tropical rainforest is home to a wide array of flora and fauna, including howler monkeys, jaguars, and a variety of bird species. Visitors can explore the park through well-maintained trails, immersing themselves in the natural beauty that complements the archaeological site.