Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines in Mexico

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
View photos from OUR PLACE the World Heritage collection

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1988
Size of heritage: 2,168 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: -100,744°
Latitude: 21,017°

Summary

Founded by the Spanish in the early 16th century, Guanajuato became the world's leading silver-extraction centre in the 18th century. This past can be seen in its 'subterranean streets' and the 'Boca del Inferno', a mineshaft that plunges a breathtaking 600 m. The town's fine Baroque and neoclassical buildings, resulting from the prosperity of the mines, have influenced buildings throughout central Mexico. The churches of La Compañía and La Valenciana are considered to be among the most beautiful examples of Baroque architecture in Central and South America. Guanajuato was also witness to events which changed the history of the country.

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Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines

The Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. This site encompasses the historic town of Guanajuato and the surrounding mines, which played a significant role in the region's history and development.

History

The history of Guanajuato dates back to the 16th century when silver was discovered in the area. This discovery led to a silver rush, attracting miners and settlers from all over Mexico and Europe. The town quickly grew and became one of the most prosperous mining centers in the world during the 18th century.

The wealth generated by the mines allowed for the construction of magnificent colonial buildings, churches, and theaters, which still stand today. The town's architecture is a blend of Spanish Baroque and local Mesoamerican influences, creating a unique and captivating atmosphere.

During the Mexican War of Independence in the early 19th century, Guanajuato played a crucial role. It was here that the first major victory against Spanish colonial forces was achieved in 1810. The Alhóndiga de Granaditas, a former grain storage building, became the site of a fierce battle and is now a museum commemorating this historic event.

Current State

The Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines is a well-preserved site that showcases the rich history and cultural heritage of the region. The town's layout, with its narrow winding streets and colorful houses, has remained largely unchanged since the colonial era.

The town's historic center is a pedestrian-friendly area, allowing visitors to explore its many attractions on foot. The iconic Callejón del Beso (Alley of the Kiss) is a must-visit, known for its narrow width that allows couples to kiss from their balconies. The Teatro Juárez, a stunning neoclassical theater, hosts various cultural events and performances throughout the year.

The mines surrounding Guanajuato are another significant aspect of the World Heritage site. These mines were once the main source of silver production in the world and are a testament to the town's economic importance during the colonial period. Visitors can explore some of the mines, such as the La Valenciana mine, which offers guided tours showcasing the mining techniques and history of the region.