Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs (Sopianae) in Hungary

Facts and Data

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 2000
Size of heritage: 3.76 ha
- Buffer zone: 4.87 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 18,228°
Latitude: 46,074°

Summary

In the 4th century, a remarkable series of decorated tombs were constructed in the cemetery of the Roman provincial town of Sopianae (modern Pécs). These are important both structurally and architecturally, since they were built as underground burial chambers with memorial chapels above the ground. The tombs are important also in artistic terms, since they are richly decorated with murals of outstanding quality depicting Christian themes.

Location on Map

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Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs (Sopianae)

The Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs, also known as Sopianae, is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in the County of Baranya, Hungary. This ancient burial ground holds significant historical and cultural value, providing a glimpse into the early Christian era in the region.

History

The necropolis dates back to the 4th century AD when Pécs, then known as Sopianae, was an important Roman provincial capital. With the spread of Christianity, the city became a center for the new faith, and the necropolis served as the final resting place for its early adherents.

During the 5th and 6th centuries, the necropolis expanded, and numerous tombs and burial chambers were constructed. The site became a significant pilgrimage destination, attracting Christians from far and wide. The tombs were adorned with intricate frescoes and mosaics, showcasing the artistic and cultural achievements of the time.

Over the centuries, the necropolis fell into obscurity and was forgotten. It was only rediscovered in the 18th century when construction work unearthed several ancient tombs. Excavations began in earnest in the 20th century, revealing a vast complex of burial chambers and artifacts.

Current State

Today, the Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs stands as a testament to the rich history of the region. The site covers an area of approximately 4 hectares and contains over 200 burial chambers. These chambers are carved into the soft limestone bedrock and feature intricate decorations and inscriptions.

Visitors to the necropolis can explore the underground tombs, which are connected by a network of narrow passages. The chambers vary in size and design, with some accommodating multiple burials and others reserved for individuals or families. The frescoes and mosaics adorning the walls depict scenes from the Bible and offer insights into the religious beliefs and artistic techniques of the time.

One of the most remarkable features of the necropolis is the presence of early Christian symbols, such as the Chi-Rho monogram and the fish symbol, which are carved into the walls and tombs. These symbols serve as a reminder of the significance of the site in the early spread of Christianity in the region.

Address
Distance: 0,4 mi
Hungária utca 17
7624 Pécs
Hungary

Time Information

Checkout: 11:00 - Checkin: 14:00
Reception
Weekday: 13:00 - 21:00
Weekend: 13:00 - 21:00

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