Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments in France

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
City of Arles (in French)
Montmajour Abbey (In French)
Heritage of Arles

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1981
Size of heritage: 65 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 4,631°
Latitude: 43,678°

Summary

Arles is a good example of the adaptation of an ancient city to medieval European civilization. It has some impressive Roman monuments, of which the earliest – the arena, the Roman theatre and the cryptoporticus (subterranean galleries) – date back to the 1st century B.C. During the 4th century Arles experienced a second golden age, as attested by the baths of Constantine and the necropolis of Alyscamps. In the 11th and 12th centuries, Arles once again became one of the most attractive cities in the Mediterranean. Within the city walls, Saint-Trophime, with its cloister, is one of Provence's major Romanesque monuments.

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Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments: A Testament to Ancient Splendor

The UNESCO World Heritage site of Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments, located in the picturesque town of Arles in southern France, is a remarkable testament to the rich history and architectural brilliance of the Roman and Romanesque periods. This site encompasses a collection of well-preserved structures that showcase the cultural and artistic achievements of these eras.

Historical Significance

Arles, once a major Roman city known as Arelate, played a crucial role in the Roman Empire. Founded in the 7th century BC, it became an important trading center and a key port on the Rhône River. The city flourished under Roman rule, and its strategic location made it a vital hub for commerce and military activities.

The Roman monuments in Arles, dating back to the 1st century BC, include the impressive Roman Theater, which could accommodate up to 10,000 spectators, and the Amphitheater, also known as the Arles Arena, which could hold over 20,000 people. These structures served as venues for various forms of entertainment, including gladiatorial contests and theatrical performances.

During the Romanesque period, from the 11th to the 12th century, Arles experienced a cultural and artistic revival. The Saint-Trophime Church, a masterpiece of Romanesque architecture, stands as a testament to this era. Its intricate sculptures and ornate portal depict biblical scenes and saints, showcasing the skill and craftsmanship of the period.

Current State

Today, the Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments site stands as a remarkable blend of ancient and medieval architecture, attracting visitors from around the world. The Roman Theater and Amphitheater continue to host cultural events, including concerts and theatrical performances, allowing visitors to experience the grandeur of these ancient structures.

The Saint-Trophime Church, with its stunning cloister and well-preserved sculptures, remains an active place of worship. Visitors can explore the church's interior, marvel at the intricate carvings, and appreciate the serene atmosphere that has endured for centuries.

Arles itself is a charming town that has retained much of its medieval character. Its narrow streets, lined with historic buildings and quaint shops, offer a glimpse into the town's rich past. The Roman and Romanesque monuments are seamlessly integrated into the fabric of the town, creating a unique and captivating atmosphere.