Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč
Unesco World Heritage

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Introduction

The Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč, located in the Trebíc district of the Vysocina Region in Czechia, is a UNESCO World Heritage site. This remarkable site is a testament to the coexistence of Jewish and Christian communities throughout history. The Jewish Quarter, with its well-preserved buildings, and the St Procopius' Basilica, a magnificent Romanesque-Gothic church, together create a unique cultural and historical landscape.

History

The Jewish Quarter in Třebíč dates back to the 13th century when Jewish settlers were invited to the region by the local lords. The Jewish community flourished, and by the 16th century, it became one of the most significant Jewish settlements in Moravia. The Jewish Quarter expanded over time, with the construction of synagogues, houses, and other communal buildings. However, the peaceful coexistence between the Jewish and Christian communities was disrupted during the Holocaust. In 1942, the Nazis deported most of the Jewish population to concentration camps, resulting in the near annihilation of the Jewish community. After World War II, only a few Jewish families returned to Třebíč, and the Jewish Quarter fell into disrepair.

Current State

Today, the Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica stand as a symbol of the rich cultural heritage of Třebíč. The Jewish Quarter, with its narrow streets and well-preserved buildings, offers a glimpse into the daily lives of the Jewish community. The houses, synagogues, and the Jewish cemetery showcase the unique architectural style and cultural traditions of the Jewish people. One of the most notable buildings in the Jewish Quarter is the Rear Synagogue, also known as the Polach House. This synagogue, built in the 17th century, is now a museum that exhibits the history and traditions of the Jewish community. Visitors can explore the synagogue's interior, which includes an exhibition of Jewish religious objects and artifacts. Another significant structure is the Jewish Cemetery, located on a hill overlooking the town. This cemetery, dating back to the 17th century, is the final resting place for many members of the Jewish community. The tombstones, with their intricate carvings and inscriptions, provide insights into the lives and beliefs of the Jewish people. Adjacent to the Jewish Quarter is the St Procopius' Basilica, a magnificent Romanesque-Gothic church. This basilica, built in the 13th century, is a masterpiece of medieval architecture. Its impressive interior features stunning frescoes and a unique crypt. The basilica is still an active place of worship, hosting religious ceremonies and cultural events. The Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2003. This recognition highlights the exceptional universal value of this cultural landscape, representing the coexistence and interaction between different religious and cultural communities throughout history. In conclusion, the Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč, Czechia, offer a captivating journey through history. The well-preserved Jewish Quarter and the magnificent St Procopius' Basilica stand as a testament to the coexistence of Jewish and Christian communities. This UNESCO World Heritage site is a must-visit for those seeking to explore the rich cultural heritage of Třebíč and its historical significance.