Choirokoitia in Cyprus

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
World Heritage Sites in Cyprus

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 1998
Size of heritage: 6.20 ha
- Buffer zone: 68 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 33,343°
Latitude: 34,798°

Summary

The Neolithic settlement of Choirokoitia, occupied from the 7th to the 4th millennium B.C., is one of the most important prehistoric sites in the eastern Mediterranean. Its remains and the finds from the excavations there have thrown much light on the evolution of human society in this key region. Since only part of the site has been excavated, it forms an exceptional archaeological reserve for future study.

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Choirokoitia: A Glimpse into Cyprus' Ancient Past

Located in the District of Larnaca, Cyprus, Choirokoitia is a UNESCO World Heritage site that offers a fascinating insight into the island's prehistoric civilization. Dating back to the Neolithic period, this archaeological site is a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of early human settlements.

History

Choirokoitia was first inhabited around 7000 BC and flourished until approximately 6000 BC. The site was discovered in 1934 by British archaeologist Porphyrios Dikaios, who recognized its immense historical significance. Excavations began in 1936 and continued intermittently until the 1970s, unearthing a wealth of artifacts and structures.

The settlement at Choirokoitia was built on a hillside overlooking the fertile Maroni Valley. It consisted of circular dwellings made from local limestone, with walls constructed using a technique known as cyclopean masonry. These dwellings were interconnected by narrow streets, creating a cohesive community.

The inhabitants of Choirokoitia were skilled farmers and herders, relying on agriculture and animal husbandry for sustenance. They cultivated crops such as wheat, barley, and lentils, while also rearing sheep, goats, and pigs. The site's strategic location near the coast facilitated trade and interaction with neighboring communities.

Current State

Today, Choirokoitia stands as a well-preserved archaeological site, allowing visitors to step back in time and experience the daily lives of its ancient inhabitants. The site has been carefully reconstructed to showcase the original layout and architecture of the settlement.

Visitors can explore the circular dwellings, which were divided into different functional areas, including living quarters, storage spaces, and communal areas. The interiors are furnished with replicas of Neolithic tools, pottery, and other artifacts, providing a glimpse into the daily activities and craftsmanship of the inhabitants.

The surrounding landscape of Choirokoitia is also of great significance. The site is nestled amidst the picturesque Maroni Valley, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside. The valley itself is an important agricultural region, still cultivated by local farmers, and serves as a reminder of the site's historical connection to the land.

Choirokoitia's inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage list has helped to raise awareness about its historical importance and ensure its preservation for future generations. Ongoing research and conservation efforts continue to shed light on the Neolithic period and its significance in shaping Cyprus' cultural heritage.