National Archeological Park of Tierradentro
Unesco World Heritage

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Introduction

The National Archeological Park of Tierradentro, located in the Department of Cauca, Colombia, is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Situated within the jurisdiction of the municipality of Inza, in the “corregimiento” of San Andres de Pisimbalá, this park is renowned for its rich historical and cultural significance. With its ancient underground tombs and intricate stone sculptures, Tierradentro offers a fascinating glimpse into the pre-Columbian era of Colombia.

History

Tierradentro holds a significant place in Colombia's history, dating back to the 6th to 9th centuries AD. It was inhabited by the indigenous peoples of the region, primarily the Paeces and the Pijao. These communities developed a unique burial tradition, constructing elaborate underground tombs known as hypogea. These tombs were carved into volcanic rock and adorned with intricate stone sculptures and paintings. The hypogea served as burial chambers for important individuals, and their construction required immense effort and skill. The tombs were designed with multiple chambers, each containing the remains of the deceased along with offerings and valuable artifacts. The sculptures found within the tombs depict human figures, animals, and geometric patterns, showcasing the artistic prowess of the ancient inhabitants.

Current State

Today, the National Archeological Park of Tierradentro stands as a testament to the ingenuity and cultural heritage of the indigenous communities that once thrived in the region. The park covers an area of approximately 12,500 hectares and encompasses several archaeological sites, including the Alto de San Andrés, Alto del Duende, Alto de Segovia, and Alto de San Agustín. Visitors to Tierradentro can explore these sites and marvel at the well-preserved hypogea. The park offers guided tours, allowing visitors to learn about the history and significance of each tomb. The intricate stone sculptures and paintings within the tombs provide a glimpse into the beliefs and customs of the ancient inhabitants. Efforts have been made to preserve and protect Tierradentro's archaeological sites. Conservation measures include the installation of walkways and protective roofs to shield the tombs from weathering and erosion. Additionally, ongoing research and excavation work continue to uncover new discoveries and shed light on the ancient cultures that once thrived in the region. Tierradentro's UNESCO World Heritage status has helped raise awareness about the importance of preserving this unique site. It attracts both domestic and international tourists, contributing to the local economy and promoting cultural exchange. The park also serves as an educational resource, allowing researchers and archaeologists to study and document the ancient burial practices and artistic traditions of the indigenous communities. In conclusion, the National Archeological Park of Tierradentro in Colombia is a remarkable UNESCO World Heritage site that offers a glimpse into the pre-Columbian era. With its intricate underground tombs and stone sculptures, Tierradentro stands as a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous communities that once inhabited the region. Through preservation efforts and ongoing research, this archaeological park continues to captivate visitors and contribute to our understanding of Colombia's ancient history.