Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande
Unesco World Heritage

Location on Map

Introduction

The Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in Cape Verde. It is situated on the island of Santiago, about 15 kilometers west of the capital city, Praia. This historic center holds great significance as it was the first European colonial settlement in the tropics, serving as a hub for trade and exploration during the Age of Discovery.

History

The history of Cidade Velha dates back to the late 15th century when Portuguese explorers arrived on the shores of Santiago Island. In 1462, the first Portuguese settlers established Ribeira Grande, which later became the capital of Cape Verde. The city quickly grew in importance due to its strategic location along the Atlantic trade routes.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, Cidade Velha flourished as a major trading center for goods such as slaves, gold, and sugar. The city's wealth attracted pirates and privateers, leading to the construction of fortifications to protect the settlement. The Fortaleza Real de São Filipe, a fortress built in the 16th century, still stands as a testament to this turbulent period.

However, the prosperity of Cidade Velha declined in the 18th century as the focus of trade shifted to other Cape Verdean islands. The city was also ravaged by earthquakes and pirate attacks, leading to its gradual abandonment. By the 19th century, the capital had been moved to Praia, and Cidade Velha fell into disrepair.

Current State

Today, Cidade Velha is a small town with a population of around 1,200 people. The historic center, with its cobblestone streets and colonial architecture, has been carefully preserved and restored. It offers visitors a glimpse into the rich history of Cape Verde and its role in the transatlantic slave trade.

One of the most prominent landmarks in Cidade Velha is the Pelourinho, a stone pillar used for public punishments during the colonial era. It serves as a reminder of the dark legacy of slavery and the suffering endured by countless individuals. The ruins of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Rosary, which was once the largest church in the Portuguese-speaking world, also stand as a poignant symbol of the city's past grandeur.

The Fortaleza Real de São Filipe, overlooking the town, is another highlight of the UNESCO site. Visitors can explore the fortress and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding coastline. The fort has been partially restored and now houses a small museum showcasing artifacts from the colonial period.

Cidade Velha is not only a place of historical significance but also a vibrant community. The local population has embraced the preservation efforts and actively participates in cultural events and festivals. The town's narrow streets are lined with colorful houses, and traditional music and dance can often be heard echoing through the alleyways.

Conclusion

The Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande is a captivating UNESCO World Heritage site that offers a unique glimpse into Cape Verde's colonial past. Its rich history, well-preserved architecture, and vibrant community make it a must-visit destination for those interested in exploring the cultural heritage of the region.