Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley in Armenia

Facts and Data

Webpages:
Official Unesco Page
View photos from OUR PLACE the World Heritage collection
The Monastery of Geghard (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)

Basis Data:
Unesco World heritage since: 2000
Size of heritage: 2.70 ha
- Buffer zone: 40 ha

Coordinates:
Longitude: 44,797°
Latitude: 40,159°

Summary

The monastery of Geghard contains a number of churches and tombs, most of them cut into the rock, which illustrate the very peak of Armenian medieval architecture. The complex of medieval buildings is set into a landscape of great natural beauty, surrounded by towering cliffs at the entrance to the Azat Valley.

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Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley

The Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in the Kotayk' Region of Armenia, near the village of Goght. This ancient monastery complex is renowned for its unique architectural and cultural significance, as well as its breathtaking natural surroundings.

History

The history of the Monastery of Geghard dates back to the 4th century when Christianity was adopted as the state religion of Armenia. According to legend, the monastery was founded by Gregory the Illuminator, the patron saint of Armenia, who discovered a sacred spring in a nearby cave. The name "Geghard" translates to "spear" in Armenian, referring to the spear that wounded Jesus during the crucifixion, which was allegedly brought to Armenia and kept in the monastery.

Over the centuries, the monastery complex was expanded and fortified, becoming an important spiritual and cultural center. It served as a place of pilgrimage and a site for religious ceremonies, attracting monks, scholars, and artists from all over the region. The monastery's architectural style is a blend of Armenian medieval and classical influences, with intricate stone carvings and ornate decorations.

Current State

Today, the Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley continue to captivate visitors with their historical and natural beauty. The complex consists of several churches, chapels, and tombs, carved into the surrounding cliffs and caves. The most famous structure is the main church, known as the Cathedral of Geghard, which was built in the 13th century.

The Cathedral of Geghard is a masterpiece of medieval Armenian architecture, featuring intricate stone reliefs and cross-stones (khachkars) that adorn its walls. The interior of the church is equally impressive, with stunning frescoes and religious artifacts. The acoustics of the cathedral are renowned for their exceptional quality, making it a popular venue for concerts and musical performances.

Aside from the architectural wonders, the Upper Azat Valley offers breathtaking natural landscapes. The valley is surrounded by towering cliffs and rugged mountains, creating a dramatic backdrop for the monastery complex. The nearby Azat River adds to the picturesque scenery, flowing through the valley and providing a serene atmosphere.

The Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley have been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site since 2000, highlighting their outstanding universal value. The site attracts thousands of tourists and pilgrims each year, who come to admire the architectural marvels, explore the caves, and experience the spiritual ambiance of this ancient place.

Efforts are being made to preserve and protect the Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley. Conservation projects aim to maintain the structural integrity of the buildings, restore damaged frescoes, and ensure the sustainability of the surrounding natural environment. These initiatives ensure that future generations can continue to appreciate and learn from this remarkable cultural and historical treasure.